Critical Periods in a dogs life

CRITICAL PERIODS IN A DOG'S LIFE - DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES

0 to 7 Weeks Neonatal, Transition, Awareness, and Canine Socialization	Puppy is with mother and littermates. During this period, puppy learns about social interaction, plan, and inhibiting aggression from mother and littermates. Puppies must stay with their mother and littermates during this critical period if possible. Puppies learn the most important lesson in their lives - they learn to accept discipline.
7 to 12 Weeks Human Socialization Period	The puppy now has the brain waves of an adult dog, but his attention span is short. This period is when the most rapid learning occurs. Learning at this age is permanent so this is a perfect time to start training. Also this is the ideal time to introduce the puppy to things that will play an important part in his life. Introduce the puppy to different people, places, animals, and sounds in a positive, non-threatening way.
8 to 11 Weeks Fear Imprint Period	Avoid frightening the puppy during this period. Any traumatic, frightening or painful experience will have a more lasting effect on the puppy than if it occurred at any other time in it's life.
13 to 16 Weeks Seniority Classification Period or The Age of Cutting	Puppy cuts teeth and apron strings! Puppy begins testing who is going to be pack leader. You must discourage any and all biting because such biting can be a sign of dominance. It is important that you are a strong and consistent leader. If formal training is planned, this is the time to begin. Such training will help you establish your leadership.
4 to 8 MonthsPlay Instinct Period Flight Instinct Period	Puppy may wander and ignore you. It is very important that you keep the puppy on a leash at this time. The way you handle the puppy at this time determines if the puppy will come to you when called. At about 4-1/2 months, the puppy loses his milk teeth and get his adult teeth. That's when puppy begins serious chewing. A dog's teeth don't set in his jaw until between 6 and 10 months. During this time, the puppy has a physical need to exercise his mouth by chewing.
6 to 14 MonthsSecond Fear Imprint Period or Fear of New Situations Period	Dog again shows fear of new situations and even familiar situations. Dog may be reluctant to approach someone or something new. It is important that you are patient and act very matter of fact in these situations. Never force the dog to face the situation. Do not pet the frightened puppy or talk in soothing tones. The puppy will interpret such responses as praise for being frightened. Training will help improve the dog's confidence.
1 to 4 YearsMaturity Period	You may encounter increased aggression and renewed testing for dominance. Continue to train your dog during this p

Review of Dog Indoor Potty spots

You all know how much I love a litter box for rearing my brand new puppies.  But as a breeder I am always looking out for ways to improve on the old methods.  Since I will soon have my own puppy, I can trouble shoot a lot of training situations as they occur, and share the solutions that work for us.  And for me, the biggest concern for a new puppy owner, is potty training.  For some people, potty training is so much trouble, they won't get a puppy at all.  Hopefully my upcoming posts will help some of you, learn that it doesn't have to be a source of frustration, for you or your puppy.  For me the first step in potty training is establishing an acceptable indoor potty spot for my new puppy.


Now my puppy does not come from a breeder who uses Litter Boxes like I have.  My breeder uses paper training for her puppy.   I have tried paper with my first litter...and I don't like it.  But I also know that I can't just stick a puppy in a new situation with different smells, looks, and feel, and expect my puppy to know to go potty there.  Whatever I do, I have to transition the puppy slowly from paper to her new situation.

You might ask, why not just teach your puppy to pea outside?  Well, as you Virginians know, it is below freezing right now, and will be most nights until March.  I don't want to take a brand new puppy into freezing weather conditions...its not safe.  But even in warm weather, I feel a new puppy should always have an indoor potty spot.  She will not have full bladder control for several months.  Rather than risk an occasional accident, I want to give her a safe place to pee.  It would be so much worse if she started a habit of peeing on carpets.  That is an expensive nightmare!

 So first I will lay out all the possible options that are available for a Indoor Potty System....old to new....

1 Paper training is the old fashioned method of just having paper on the floor for puppies to wee on.  The problem with paper is that it doesn't absorb urine and feces and the puppies end up walking through it and getting it all over their feet.  Its much harder to keep puppies and their surroundings hygenic.  Most people use paper for as short a time as possible...it is just so dirty and unsightly!

2 Disposable Puppy Pads. are a more modern approach to paper training because instead of paper their is a plastic backed pad with a more absorbent material that draws in moisture like a diaper.  It is an improvement on the paper because it absorbs urine quicker.  But it still leaves feces about for puppies to walk through, and has other problems as well.  The plastic is not biodegradable, so it is very bad for the environment.  Puppies like to tear paper and pads apart which is particularly dangerous with the plastic.  If a puppy ingests the plastic it could cause a serious blockage.  Finally the puppy pads can get rather expensive if you use them for an extended period of time.

3 Whelping Pads are like a puppy pad but they are made of absorbent cloth with a nonabsorbent backing.   You wash them so they can be used many times.  They cost about $22.00 each (more for bigger ones)...and you need to get several, since they need to be washed daily and dried between use.  You will need to have quite a few if this is your puppies only potty spot.  Over time the waterproof backing fails and they need to be replaced. These pads absorb urine well, but the can get pretty yucky if poopies get all over them.  The daily washing can be a drag after a while.   I like the whelping pads to use around a litter tray...in case a puppy misses her mark.   But I don't think it is good to train a puppy pee on the whelping pads..  After all it is just cloth...what is going to stop a puppy from thinking he can pee on some thing else, like a carpet, a blanket, your bed, or some clothes that he may find in your kids room?

4 The Puppy Litter Box is another method.  Most of you are familiar with how well this has worked for me, from past posts on New Puppy Litter Box Training.   I start with Wood Stove Pellets  that are biodegradable, and absorb urine and feces very nicely.  It is safe for the puppies and the puppies stay very clean.  The only problem is that it can get smelly rather quickly and the wood pellets turn to sawdust when they get wet.  Therefore there is a bit of mess when the sawdust gets tracked about by the puppies feet.  Sometime the puppies run through the litter and kick it out of the box.  Then you have sawdust or pellets flying all over the room.  Nothing a broom and dustpan can't handle...but still a bit messy at times.

5. To eliminate odor and cut out the sawdust problem, most of my new puppy owners gradually switch from the Wood Stove Pellets to Second Nature Dog Litter.after they get their puppy home.  These are paper pellets with an odor remover in them.  It is less stinky and a little less messy.  Though the paper pellets can also get messy as they are kicked about by the puppies.  The litter also can get very expensive over time. 

6. Artificial Turf Potty Systems:  There are a surprising number of different potty stystems out there that utilize artificial grass for the puppy to pee on.  A few of these are The Potty Patch for 39.99, or  Spotty Dog Training for $63.00, or  The Porch Potty for $225.00 ...just to name a few.

Its an interesting idea...These systems use artificial grass so the feel on the puppies feet is a little bit like real grass.  The urine flows through the grass to the tray below where it can be emptied.  The idea is that it will be easy to transition to the lawn later.  (I think the feel and smell of real grass is so different, that a puppy wouldn't even associate it with grass....but who knows...we'd have to try it to see)

The main drawback with this system is that the artificial grass captures a lot of germs and bacteria.  Even if you wash it out well with a hose, or soak it in a tub with bleach, reviewers complain that it still has a foul smell.  This is not so bad if you keep it on the porch in the big city.  But the idea for my puppy, is an indoor system.   And indoors the turf does needs to be replaced a lot, there is a lot of clean up and the replacement of turf would definitely get expensive over time.

7.  Next there are potty systems with REAL TURF Grass.  The company is called Fresh Potty.  and for $19 a week, the company delivers fresh turf in a box via Fed EX.    The turf and box is disposable...and you can opt to have it delivered every week, or every other week.  This is definitely the best indoor potty spot to help a puppy transitions to the out doors!.  When you wanted to start outdoor training, all you would need to do is put the natural smelling piece of turf, in the spot you wanted your puppy to use.  He would recognize it as an acceptable potty option because of smell and feel right away.

 And this system wins for ease of use  as well.  There is virtually no clean up.  Just toss the turf in the compost heap, and throw the box in the garbage!   The only draw back is that at $19/week, it would get expensive pretty quick...  On the other hand, when you consider that a lot of people would only need this option for the a limited time period (until full bladder control at 7 mths) it doesn't seem so horrid.  For the dog owner who has been unsuccessful at potty training pups in the past, this could save a lot of money in destroyed carpets and furniture....and frustration!!!

8.  The final potty system I wish to discuss is called a Dog Litter Box toilet.  It uses a grate instead of grass.  There are a few varieties on the market, but the one that looks best to me is called UGODOG. for 49.95 on Amazon.(You go dog!!)  The system combines old fashioned newspaper...or potty pads, with a tray and grate...which eliminates a lot of the problems associated with paper training.  The grate confines the paper away from the puppy paws, and the urine passes through the grate.   Its easy to toss the soiled newspaper and rinse the tray,  and cleaning the grate is much easier than the turf.  There are two grates with each system...so you can put a fresh grate down, while you clean the other grate.  If you use regular newspaper, there is only the one time expense of the system.  So of all the methods (except for Paper training) this one would be the cheapest over the long term!   

So as you can see there are a lot of interesting options out there.   But all of these systems still require a little bit of training!   Can you guess what system I choose for my puppy? (You know it won't be the Paper training!)    I will show you how easy it is to train her to use her new UGODOG indoor potty spot, when I actually have her at home!   So stay tuned!  I promise, this will be exciting!

Why are female dogs so popular

I was just updating the Waiting List for our Summer litter and I was surprised that almost everyone wanted a female.  Since often have an even mix of males and females, it may be well for some of you to reconsider this this question.

Here is what one of my customers recently wrote to me....
"I don’t know that we have a preference on the sex. I really wanted a female when we got our last dog because I thought Females had less issues but our Bruno has been a much nicer and loving dog than the female Schnauzer we had before him so I may be a convert."

Rule of Thumb:

If you already own a dog, you should choose the opposite gender

"Regardless of the breed, most breeders agree that they have no control over the dominating personality traits exhibited by an alpha female. Dominance defines the dog's personality and there is little a breeder or owner can to eliminate this trait. When people are buying a purebred from me I always ask what are the sexes of the other dogs in the home?

An alpha personality generally doesn't show until age 4 months or so and that is long after you have purchased the pup. While they are wonderful loving dogs, they tend to rule the roost! An alpha female is best either alone or with males." 

Do females make better pets?   

There are pros and cons to every gender of dog....But reading the information that breeders share is valuable.  They have the most experience with a large number of males and females .... Here is some information that I have read on several breeding websites...

Male vs. Female, which should I choose? 

FEMALES: In the dog pack, females usually rule the roost, determine pecking order, and compete to maintain and/or alter that order. The females are, as a result, more independent, stubborn, and territorial than their male counterparts.  Females are much more intent upon exercising their dominance by participating in alpha behaviors such as 'humping'.  Humping? Yes, humping.....which in the dog world, is a dominance behavior.  Most fights will usually break out between 2 females because of the dominance struggle. Keep this in mind if you already have a female at home & are thinking of bringing another female into the picture.

Females are usually less distracted during training, and are more eager to get it over with, and get back to her comfy spot on the couch.  They are less likely to wage a dominance battle with YOU, but she can be cunning and resourceful in getting her own way.

They are much more prone to mood swings. Upon their terms, she will come to you for attention when they want it, when she's had enough, she will move away. One day she may be sweet and affectionate-the next day reserved and withdrawn or even grumpy.  The female also has periods of being 'in heat' unless she is spayed. Seasonal heats can be a nightmare-not just for the female, but you and every male dog in the neighborhood. If you are not breeding, you'd be best off to have her spayed, since during this time she can leave a bloody discharge on carpets, couches, or anywhere she goes. She will be particularly moody and emotional during this time. A walk outside during this period can become hazardous if male dogs are in the vicinity, and she will leave a 'scent' for wandering intact males to follow right to your yard, where they will hang out, and 'wait' for days.

MALES: Males are usually more affectionate, exuberant, attentive, and more demanding of attention.  They are very attached to their humans and are always waiting for your attention....and near at hand. They also tend to be more steadfast, reliable, and less moody.  

They are more outgoing, more accepting of other pets, and bond quicker to children.   Most males are easily motivated by food and praise, and so eager to please that training is much easier. However, males can be more easily distracted during training, as males like to play so often.

No matter what age, males are more likely to act silly and more puppy-like, always wanting to play games. Neutered males can exhibit secondary sexual behavior such as 'humping', or 'marking' and lifting of legs. However, once the testosterone levels recede after neutering, most of these behaviors will disappear. Males who are neutered early (by 6 months of age) usually don't ever raise their leg to urinate. Before deciding on male or female, give consideration to any other dogs that may be in or around your home.

My own experience definitely concurs with the above statements on Males and Females.  So do take these things into account when making your choice.  Just like people, males and females are both wonderful!!!   The most important thing of all is to continue the socialization that they have received at the breeders.   Make every effort to expose your dog to a variety of people, pets and experiences and you will be rewarded for years to come.

Our little bundle of Joy!

Here's some exciting news in our house.   We have purchased a new puppy!    I recently put a deposit on this gorgeous little girl.  She is an AKC white mini Schnauzer from a highly regarded Schnauzer breeding.   She was born on Dec 30 and is expected to grow to  be 10-12 lbs...so she is a small mini.  I can't decide on her name yet.  I like to hold a puppy to see what feels right before I name them.  She is only 2 weeks old...so we have to wait until the end of February to bring her home.